Monthly Archives: March 2019

Dave’s Digital & Science Briefs Mar. 27, 2019

By Dave Bunting, Shopper Editor

  • Community Solar Panels
  • American Adults Pessimistic
  • Asteroid Bennu
  • Youth Cellphones & Social Media
  • Hydrogen Fuel
  • Norway Electric Cars
  • Reuse Heat from Air Conditioners

Snohomish PUD offers subscriptions
to large community solar panel
arrays to homeowners

The Community Solar program will build 162 solar panels in a field in Arlington.

The program will sell subscriptions for $600 per 380-watt panel, or $120 for a fifth of a panel.

The panels will remain installed in the community field- no work will be done at the subscriber’s home.

Subscribers will receive a monthly credit of $0.06/kWh on their bill equal to their portion of the solar system’s production. In addition, subscribers will also receive an annual incentive payment provided by Washington State. We anticipate this payment will be $0.16/kWh per year of energy produced for the first 8 years of the program.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2O1yrov

Pew Research finds most
adult Americans pessimistic

  • 72% expect income gaps to widen, and 44% see living standards declining.
  • 57% see tougher financial times on the horizon for older Americans. 84% say by 2050 most Americans will have to work into their 70’s.
  • 59% of adults are pessimistic about the environment, and 69% are worried about climate change.
  • 82% say robots and computers will definitely or probably do much of the work currently done by humans. 69% see this as a bad thing for the U.S.
  • Americans are more likely to see the nation’s shift to “majority-minority” status as a good thing than a bad thing, but 42% say it’s neither good nor bad.
  • 87% expect a woman and a Hispanic person to become president by 2050.
  • 60% of adults see a smaller role for the U.S. on the world stage.
  • 65% of adults say the U.S. will be more politically divided in 2050 than it is today, and this belief is held across partisan lines: 68% of Republicans say this, as do 62% of Democrats.
  • 48% say they are very worried about the ability of political leaders to solve the country’s biggest problems.
  • Info: fyi/2TYxWBZ

Asteroid Bennu covered with
boulders instead of dust

NASA’s Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission will return a sample of a near-Earth asteroid named Bennu to Earth in 2023. OSIRIS made the first-ever close-up observations of particle plumes erupting from an asteroid’s surface.

Bennu also revealed itself to be more rugged than expected. Such space objects are expected to be primarily covered with dust, thus having wide flat spaces on which a spacecraft could land easily. But Benno is covered with boulders, even relatively large house-size boulders, challenging the mission team to alter its flight and sample collection plans, due to the rough terrain.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2CG73In

Increases in youth suicidal
thoughts blamed on
cellphones, social media

But not only on them directly, but also on their seriously reducing youth sleep time.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2TAse4f

Hydrogen from seawater

Stanford researchers have devised a way to generate hydrogen fuel using solar power, electrodes and saltwater from San Francisco Bay.

The findings, published March 18 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, demonstrate a new method of electrolysis, separating hydrogen and oxygen gas from seawater via electricity. Both this and existing methods require much electric power, but existing water-splitting methods rely on highly purified water, which is a precious resource and prohibitively costly to produce.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2CG73In

Cheaper way to
hydrogen fuel

Research has demonstrated that using nanocatalysts composed of nickel and iron increases the efficiency of water electrolysis, the process of breaking water molecules apart to produce hydrogen and oxygen and combining them with electrons to create hydrogen gas.

When nanoparticles composed of an iron and nickel shell around a nickel core are applied to the process, they interact with the hydrogen and oxygen atoms to weaken the bonds, increasing the efficiency of the reaction by allowing the generation of oxygen more easily. Nickel and iron are also less expensive than other catalysts, which are made from scarce materials.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2Ost1mJ

In Norway half of
cars sold are electric.

One of the key policies is Norwegian car-taxation system is based on the principle that the more you pollute, the more you pay. Tax for a new car is calculated by combining weight, CO2 and NOx emissions. It is progressive, making big cars with high emissions very expensive. This results in most electric vehicles becoming cheaper compared to similar petrol models.

In addition, other incentives are in place such as 25% sales tax exemption for new EV purchases, road toll exemption, low annual road tax, free access to municipal parking and ferries, access to bus lanes and a good network of public charging stations.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2uwEmt4

Can we re-use heat
withdrawn from air
in an air conditioner?

Air conditioners extract heat (energy) from air. They also use a lot of electric power (energy) to do so.

The sum of the heat (energy) extracted from inside air plus the work (energy) that went into the cooling process is discharged in the form of waste heat (energy) into surrounding air.

Is there a way we could convert that waste heat (energy) into a useful form instead of wasting it?

There are examples of heat being converted into useable, storable energy. Plants convert energy from the sun into food (energy), all the food we eat, in fact. Heat from the sun also heats, vaporizes water into clouds which rain, and the electric power (energy) is produced in hydro dam turbines. The engines in our cars, turns fuel (energy) into heat, which then performs the work (energy) of propelling our cars.

Apparently no one has yet devised a way to use this great source of readily-available heat energy.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2FznO8V

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Dave’s Science & Digital Briefs Mar. 20, 2019

By Dave Bunting, Shopper Editor

GPS Week Number Rollover

Boeing’s 737Max

Super Commuters Earn More

ENJOY Your Exercise

GPS Week Number Rollover

A GPS week number  rollover will occur at the end of the GPS day on Saturday, 6 April 2019, at which time the GPS week will transition instantly from week 2047 to 2048.

Because the GPS message structure broadcast by the satellites defines the week as a 10-bit binary value, in which 2047 is the largest possible number, the GPS messages will indicate that the week has changed from 2047 to week 0.

To prepare for the week number rollover, it is recommended to install the latest GPS receiver firmware version.

Most of our consumer devices, phones, tablets, computers, cars, etc. should handle this. But it’s a good time to make sure all of them including our handheld GPS receivers for hiking, etc., as well as any high precision surveying or construction GPS devices are updated to the current software version through the manufacturer.

There is a small chance the event could affect the electric transmission and distribution system (PUD, Bonneville, Pacific Power, etc.)

Info:  shpr.fyi/2XXcATN

Download a PDF:     . https://www.gps.gov/cgsic/meetings/2017/powers.pdf

More info:      .  https://www.energy.gov/oe/articles/april-2019-global-positioning-system-gps-week-number-rollover

Boeing lands contract to
build 777’s in Everett

Boeing lands British Airways contract for initially 18, up to 42, 777’s, for $375 million each, 5 to 18 billion. As Airbus closes its A380 production, the current models of the 777 are the largest and longest-range airliners produced in the world. Our Washington State workers produce these planes at the rate of five per month at the Everett, WA plant, their paychecks bring about $750 million per month into the Washington State economy.

https://phys.org/news/2019-02-british-airways-huge-boeing.html

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_777

Boeing revises 737-MAX
stall-prevention software
and training

Boeing plans to release, and the Federal Aviation Administration expects to mandate, new software revising operation of the automated stall-prevention feature known as MCAS, implicated in the October crash of a Lion Air 737 MAX. Likely the same automated feature played a role in the recent crash of an Ethiopian Airline MAX.

Boeing has been advocating comparatively limited training consisting of new written materials aviators would read. But the FAA is pushing for more extensive training, consisting of pilots engaging in self-guided instruction on a laptop.

The MCAS itself is not an autopilot; it’s a system to adjust the trim to compensate for a change in the engine from previous 737 models, which is supposed to be active only when the pilot is manually flying the plane. Airbus aircraft are known to have a similar problem which has caused incidents. The pilots who submitted reports (who were US carrier pilots and appear to have been much more careful about pre-briefing possible issues and acting quickly when an issue happened) did in fact immediately disengage autopilot and bring the plane back to correct pitch attitude when an uncommanded pitch down happened. But again, that had nothing to do with MCAS; in fact, one of the pilots noted that he had engaged autopilot on that flight earlier than he normally would have in order to remove a possible MCAS threat during a manual climb.

Info:  shpr.fyi/2FlT38d

More Info:   shpr.fyi/2TShfHH

Super-commuters earn more

A new study from Apartment List suggests more of Seattle area workers are super commuting (suffering through a 90-plus minute commute), working from home, or doing a combination of both. The study also shows these Seattle area people are making 5 percent more ($63,000 annually) than those whose commute is under 90 minutes ($60,000). The remote workers are making even 30 percent more at ($78,000).

Info:   shpr.fyi/2JoMBBH

Remember those were Seattle area workers. In 2016 (the most recent year for which we found numbers), King County average annual wages were $45,878 ($22.05/hr) to $76,013 ($36.54/hr), while Lewis County average wages were $37,663 ($18.10/hr) to $39,954 ($19.20/hr).

Info:   shpr.fyi/2HFIS01

In active worker men,
those who can do
40 push-ups
are much less likely
to have heart attacks.

Well! Duh!

Tell us something we don’t already know.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2ThZvkx

ENJOY your exercise.

It’s hard to do. Some of their hints:

  • Focus on physical activity that you enjoy on its own merits. I enjoy walking the 1.5 mile loop at the end of my routine. I know I won’t do the routine if my walk is not included.
  • Your goal should not be to achieve the perfect body. For most of us, looking like a model is medically impossible. Instead, aim to establish a habit that will improve your overall health and mood. You might schedule a workout during the work-day, using that physical activity as an excuse to get away from your desk for half an hour. This could even help you be more productive at the office. If you have other errands to run over your lunch break, turn them into your exercise of the day: Walk or bike to the store with a backpack. Even heavy exercisers can’t lose 20% of their calorie intake with exercise. The biggest withdrawal from your caloric bank comes not from that physical activity, but from your diet- be serious about 1,500 calories EVERY DAY!
  • But wait, shouldn’t all workouts provide heavy, sweaty action? One expert says that it’s more about consistency than intensity: “One year, I was having some health issues, and all I did for an entire year was walk and lift some weights. And my legs were in the best shape they’d been in years,” she says. “I walked 2016 miles in the year 2016, so it was a lotof walking!” Scientists agree that even a low-intensity exercise like walking, when undertaken consistently, has real health benefits. In a 2014 Journal of the American College of Cardiology study, just five to ten minutes a day was enough to improve subjects’ health, provided they put in those minutes every single day.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2TX8ADK

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Science and Digital Briefs Mar. 13, 2019

Pennsylvania state lawmaker offers bill
to save nuclear power plants

Nuclear power plants are zero-carbon energy producers.

Pennsylvania state Representative Tom Mehaffie said the typical residential power customer’s bill would only increase by $1.77 per month under his bill versus $2.39 if the reactors close.

Mehaffie said the bill would cost about $500 million, which he said would be much less than the $4.6 billion it would cost the state in higher electric bills and lost jobs, tax revenue and other costs if the reactors were allowed to close.

Pennsylvania’s five nuclear plants account for nearly 16,000 jobs and provide $69 million in net state tax revenues annually, Mehaffie said.

Nationally, nuclear power in the United States is provided by 99 commercial reactors with a net summer capacity of 100,350 megawatts (MW), 65 pressurized water reactors and 34 boiling water reactors. In 2016 they produced a total of 805.3 terawatt-hours of electricity, which accounted for 19.7% of the nation’s total electric energy generation. In 2016, nuclear energy comprised nearly 60 percent of U.S. emission-free generation.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2UtdkOA

Have I Been Pwned?

Have I been Pwned (haveibeenpwned.com) is a web site that for no charge checks our email addresses against lists of addresses in known security breaches.

I (Dave Bunting, Shopper Editor) received this message last week:

“You’re one of 763,117,241 people pwned in the recent Verifications.io data breach!”

You can join and learn how to protect yourself here:

haveibeenpwned.com

Print transistors on paper

Cambridge engineers have developed a high-performance printed transistor with flexibility for use in wearable and implantable electronics.

The researchers’ inkjet-printed transistor is sensitive enough to accurately detect electrophysiological signals from the skin.

It is possible to fabricate a whole circuit using just a single, highly affordable, inkjet printing tool that puts a fabrication plant within reach of most university departments. It can achieve a low power, high signal resolution analogue sensor interface using low-cost, simplistic printing technologies.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2TwSAZz

Fast, flexible ionic transistors for bioelectronic devices

Many major advances in medicine, especially in neurology, have been sparked by recent advances in electronic systems that can acquire, process, and interact with biological substrates. These bioelectronic systems, which are increasingly used to understand dynamic living organisms and to treat human disease, require devices that can record body signals, process them, detect patterns, and deliver electrical or chemical stimulation to address problems.

A team at Columbia Engineering has developed the first biocompatible ion driven transistor that is fast enough to enable real-time signal sensing and stimulation of brain signals.

Info:  shpr.fyi/2Ht16Sk

Machine Learning boosts effectiveness of wind power.

 Machine Learning teaches wind machines to accurately predict output increasing efficiency of power grid planning.

Wind’s unwanted feature of unpredictability has hampered outlooks on wind as an alternative energy source.

If energy sources can be scheduled to deliver a set amount of electricity at a set time, they are often more valuable to the grid.

 Info:   shpr.fyi/2CewPmQ

Scientists turn carbon dioxide back into coal

Researchers have used liquid metals to turn carbon dioxide back into solid coal, in a world-first breakthrough that could transform our approach to carbon capture and storage.

The research team led by RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, have developed a new technique that can efficiently convert CO2 from a gas into solid particles of carbon.

The research offers an alternative pathway for safely and permanently removing the greenhouse gas from our atmosphere.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2J7d1HL

Big Battle Against Huawei Chinese 5G networking

A large portion of digital equipment sold and used worldwide, including in the US, is made by or contains chips made by Huawei, a huge Chinese manufacturer. Such equipment includes computers, phones, tablets, routers and, most importantly, the servers, the big computers than run the internet.

Huawei’s devices are often only tiny, almost microscopic, integrated circuits inserted into larger circuits during manufacture by manufacturers including such as Microsoft, Apple, Cisco. As a real example the 22-core Xeon Broadwell-E5 CPU from Intel packs 16 million transistors into each square millimeter.

US intelligence officials strongly suspect that much, perhaps most, digital equipment made in China includes “back doors” by which the Chinese could take over control of these devices. The Chinese deny these claims.

The heads of six major US intelligence agencies have warned that American citizens shouldn’t use products and services made by Chinese tech giants Huawei and ZTE. The intelligence chiefs made the recommendation during a Senate Intelligence Committee hearing on Feb. 12, 2018. The group included the heads of the FBI, the CIA, the NSA, and the director of national intelligence.

FBI Director Chris Wray said the government was “deeply concerned about the risks of allowing any company or entity that is beholden to foreign governments that don’t share our values to gain positions of power inside our telecommunications networks.”

Huawei racked up a slew of deals to sell 5G equipment at the world’s top mobile fair in Spain despite Washington’s campaign to convince its allies to bar the firm from their next-generation wireless networks. Huawei’s success there likely means they will henceforth dominate worldwide 5G networks including in the US.

The US claims that Huawei’s cheap equipment used in telecommunications infrastructure across the globe is a Trojan horse for potential Chinese state spying and sabotage.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2NZVvUX

Why It’s Almost Impossible to
Extract Huawei From Telecom Networks

Allies are under U.S. pressure to shun Huawei. But the company’s prevalence in existing telecom networks and dominance in 5G technology make that nearly impossible.

Watch this good 20-minute Wall Street Journal video to understand.

Info:   shpr.fyi/2HAglZV

https://www.wsj.com/video/why-it-almost-impossible-to-extract-huawei-from-telecom-networks/122E816F-856B-4D3F-A361-B832D9862A99.html

 

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